Lubricating system



-e. c.' BROWN.

LUBRICATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION -FIILED FEB. 27; 1919.

1,4273190. Patented Aug. 29, 1922.. T 4 K v a 3 SHEETS SHEET l- I .G. c. BROWN. LUBRlC-ATING SYSTEM. AFPLlCATlON FILED FEB- 27. l9l9 muted Aug. 29, 1922.

I v 3SHEETS-SHEET3 v a 5 Z a 20 I so 2 q 5 INVENTOR. armaf C. Brawn V w entree stares rarest caries.

eennn'r c.

Brown, or Darren, onro, Assrenon 1'0 ran WILLYS-OVE 1. consent, or TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION or OHIO.

LUBRICATING SYSTEM.

aceareo.

Patented Aug. 29, 1922.

Application filed February 27," 1919. Serial'IIfo. 279,574.

One object of the invention is to rovide a lubricating system whereby the various bearings may be lubricated from a single oil supply pipe.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricating system wherein a constant and uniform supply of oil is at all times applied to the bearing surfaces.

A further object of the invention is to pro.

vide a lubricating system which is of simple construction and eflicient in operation.

Further objects of the invention relate to economies of manufacture and details of construction as will here'inafterappear from the detailed description to follow.

The objects of the invention are accomplished in oneinstance by the devices and means described in the following specification, but it is evident that the same may be varied widely without departing from the scope of the invention, as pointed out in the appended claims.

A structure constituting one embodiment of the invention, which may be the preferred, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, in which:

Fig. I is a vertical-sectional view of an internal combustion engine of the V -type, taken substantially on the line TT of Fig. 11, and illustrating the position of the various operating parts of the mechanism.

Fig. H is a top-plan view, partially in section, taken along the line IL-IT of Fig.

I, illustrating therelative position of the various rocking arms with respect to the cam shaft, and showing a portion of the lubricating system.

Fig. HT is a vertical-sectional view taken along the line III-HI of Fig. II, and illustrating the manner of feed-oil from the hollow cam shaft to the several bearings.

Fig. IV is avertical-sectional view taken along the line TV IV of Fig. 11.

Fig. V is a vertical-sectional view take along the line of Fig. Ill.

In the drawings, similar reference characters refer to corresponding parts throughout the several views, and the sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the small arrows at the ends of the section lines.

Referring to the drawing, the engine comprises cylinders 10 rranged in two rows or series, the cylinder of each row being oppositely inclined with respect to the corresponding cylinders of the opposite row. Cylinder'heads 11 are positioned above the cylinders of each row and secured thereto in any well known manner. A top casing section 12 is adapted to extend across the head casings 13 and carries the cam shaft, and the various rocking arms actuated thereby for operating the valves. The top casing section is firmly secured to the cylinder head 7 casings in any suitable manner. Aremovable cover 13 is firmly secured to the upper portion of the top casing section, and is capable of removal for the purposeof providinga means of ready access to the cam shaft and the various elements operated thereby. An outer wall 14 surrounds the several cylinders and is spaced therefrom to provide a water jacket space aboutthe cylinders. The headcasings carry the usual spark plugs 16, and are provided with the usual intake passages '17 and exhaust passages 18, all communicating with the interior of the cylinders. Each of the said intake and exhaust passages are provided, with valve seats properly arranged therein at the point where each of theseveral passages communicate with the interior of the corresponding cylinder. Positioned within the several intake passages in such a manner as to properly. seat upon the valve seats 19, and carried by the casing, are intake valves 20, each of which is provided with a valve stem 21 extending upwardly therefrom and terminating in a head portion 22. In a sim ilar' manner, each of the exhaust passages is provided with an exhaust valve 23 adapted to seat in the proper manner upon'the corresponding valve seat 19, and provided with an upwardly extending valve stem 24 terminating in a head25, The exhaust pasdescribed. The to rotated from the crank shaft in an suitable manner so as to give it a speed o rotation roportionate to that of the crank shaft. hehollow cam shaft 27 carries a plurality f cam elements28 firmly secured thereto, 1; e said camshaft being suitably supported in bearings-29 formed in the top casing seclion-.12. lhe top casing section 12 is provided with portions 30' forming bearings for a ,pair of hollow shafts'31, which extend in a direction substantially parallel to each other and to the earn shaft, and are positioned upon opposite sides ofthecam shaft and in su antiall. the .s be .horiz ntal plane therewith. eshafts. 1 area apted to ,priovide bearings for firmly supportmg a plum 32 and 3 respective y. The rocker arms '32 a nd 33 are of similar construction and'ex-i tend in opposite direction from [the cam shaft for-a purpose which willbe-hereinafter casing section is also provided with a p urality of bearings 34 for suitably supporting .a plurality of. hollow shafts 35,- which also extend in a direction parallel to the direction of the cam shaft and upon opposite sides thereof, they being positioned outwardly with respect to the shafts 31, and each of the said hollow shafts lying substantially in the plane determined by the longitudinal'axes of thecylinders comprising one row or series.

Each cylinder is provided with a ,pair of exhaust valves 23 having stems 24 extending upwardly through the head casing, and adapted to slide i-n bearing sleeves37 posh tioned within thehead casing. coiled spring 38 surrounds the upper portion of each of the valve stems 24, and bears at its lower end'against a cup-shaped washer39 carriedby the valve stem. In asimilar manner eachof the cylinders is provided with a single intake valve'20 having a valvestem 21 extending upwardly through the head casing and slidalol mounted in a bearing sleeve 40 secured 't erein. Each of the several valve stems 21 is surrounded by a coil compression spring 42, the lower end of which is adapted to bearagainst a ,portion of the head casing, the upper end bearing against the under surface of a cup-shaped washer 43 secured to the upper end of the ag e evolvably mounted upon each of the hollow shafts'35 at a point directly above each of the cylinders 10 isa sleeve 44, provided with a pair of ihtegral arms 45 extending. therefrom in a direction tow ards the stem 21 carried itof upper, nd lower recker armsinameo cam shaft, and positioned in such a manner 7 that the inner ends of the armsi'45 extend over and-are adapted to rest upon the heads 25 of the two valve stems 24, with which the exhaust valve 23 of each cylinder are provided; Each of the sleeves 44 isprovided with an enlarged portion 49 substantially eentrally. thereof which serves as a housing or a sleeve 46 adaptedto be positioned therein, and revolvably .mounted upon the hollow shaft 35. Each of the sleeves 46 is provided with a air of arms 47 and 48, a'daptedto; exten in opposite directions therefrom, the said arms 48 being designed 'to extend outwardly from the shaft 35 in such a manner that its outer endwill overlie and contact withf-the head '22 of the valve b7 the intake valve 20 of each cylinder, fl he enlarged portion 49 of the sleeve .44 is provided with diametriojpposite openings 50 'for the reception of t e arms 47 and 48, said openingsbeing of .such size as to permit a suitable rotative movement of the sleeve 46 .and. the arms 47 and48carried thereby with respect to the sleeve 44.

' Each of the upper and lower rocker arms 32 and 33 respectively are provided with bearing portions 52 positioned near the central portion of each of the rocker arms, and adapted to be rotatably mounted upon one ofthe shaftsv3l in such a manner as to permit the rocker arms to oscillate thereon upon rotation of the cam shaft. Each of the 11pper rocker arms 32 is'positioned in, such a manner that its inner end, overlies the cam shaft and has secured thereto a roller 53 adapted to contact with one of the cam elements carried by the cam shaft in such a manner as to oscillate-the rocker arm upon rotation of the cam shaft. In a similar man ner each of the lower rocker arms '33 is rota- ,tably mounted upon the corresponding shaft 31, and has its inner end extending to a posi tion beneath the cam shaft, the said inner manner that when the inner end (if the.

rocker arm 32 is raised by one of the cam elements, the outer end of the, rocker arm will be depressed, thus forcing downwardly the arms 45 and the corresponding valve stems 24 secured to the exhaust valve 23 for the purpose of permitting exhaust cf the combustiongases from the cylinders. The outer end of each of the lower rocker arms 33 is pesitioned beneath and adapted to contact with the endef the inw rdly-extending a m;

47 secured to the sleeve 46. When each of the lower rocker arms is oscillated by the cam elements 28v of the cam shaft co-operating with the roller 54 upon the inner end of the rocker arm, the outer end of said arm will be correspondin ly' raised whereby-the sleeve 46 will be oscillated and the arm 48 will press upon the head 22 of the valve stem carried by the inlet valvevof the cylinder to open the valve and permit fuel to be drawn into the cylinders. z

- The hollow cam shaft 27, and thehollow bearing shafts 31 and are so 'dis osed as to be substantially parallel to each ot er, and are each sup orted in a plurality of bearings carried by t e to and described. e open end of the hollow shafts 35 are covered by caps secured to the casing in such a manner as to securely close the ends of those tubes and prevent the leakage of the oil therefrom. The ends of the hollow bearing shafts 31 are provided with caps 56 constructed in a manner similar to that of the caps 55 previously described, and adapted to close the ends of the hollow bearing shafts to prevent the leakage of oil therefrom. The central opening in the hollow cam shaft may be constructed 1n such a manner as to terminate short of the end of the shaft at one end, as shown in Fig. 111 and the opposite end of the cam shaft may be closed in any desired manner to prevent the leakage of oil therefrom. A supplemental housing 57 may be, secured to the top casing section at a point near one endof the cam shaft for the purpose of inclosing operating mechanism including a crank arm 58, secured to the cam shaft and adapted to operate an air pump 59, which may be used for the purpose of the operating a force feed mechanism designed to feed the liquid fuel to the engine cylinders. A conduit 60 is formed in the top casing section extending in a direction substantially at right angles to the several hollow shafts, and adaptedto communicate with the interior of each hollow shaft in such a manner as to feed oil thereto. If desired, a similar conduitmay be formed. in the opposite end of the top casing section (not shown) and communicating with the interior portion of each of the hollow shafts, so as to serve as a means for securing a continuous circulation of the lubricating fluid through the hollow shafts. It will be noted upon reference to Fi I that the cam shaft 27 is located slightly above the horizontal plane of the bearing shafts 31, while the bearing shafts 31' are in turn located somewhat above the horizontal plane of the bearing shafts 35. By reason of this construction the conduit 60 which is preferably a straight passage formed in the casing, is located'slightly beneath the camshaft 27, and the hollow shafts 31, while it extends somewhat above the level of the holcasing section as shown bearing shafts 31, and the hollow bearing.

shafts 31 are each provided with a plurality of radial openings 64 formed therein, which are adapted to communicate with the opening 63 through a circular groove 65 communicating with the openin s 63 and 64 for the purpose of admitting oi to the interior of the hollow shaft 31 from the conduit 60.

The constantly rotatingcam shaft 27 is provided with a plurality of radial openings 66 so positioned as to communicate with an opening 67 extending from the conduit in such a manner as to admit oil to the interior of the cam shaft upon rotation of the same. Each of the hollow bearing shafts 35 is provided with radial openings 68 ositioned in such a manner throughout its ength as to properly supply oil to the bearing sleeves 44 and 46 mounted thereon, for the purpose of providing suitable lubrication for the same. In a similar manner, the bearing shafts 31 are provided with a plurality of radial openings 69 positioned 1n such a manner as to.

properly lubricate the'bearing portions 52 of the rocking arms 32 and 33 carried by said shaft 31. The cam shaft 27 is also provided with a plurality of radial openings 70 positioned intermediate the bearings 29 within which the camshaft is revolvably mounted so as to roperly furnish lubrication for the cam shaft within the bearings. An oil supply pipe 71 communicates with the conduit 60, which is adapted to communicate with an oil reservoir (not shown) for the purpose of supplying oil to the lubricating system. I

It will be readily apparent from the above description that the construction shown and described provides a convenient and efficient means for furnishing lubrication to the several bearings of the cam operating mechanism of an engine of this type, whereby a constant and uniform supply of lubrication is furnished to the various bearing surfaces at all times. In the operation of this device oil is supplied to the conduit 60 through the oil supply pipe 71 from the main oil' supply reservoir, and is fed from the conduit to the interior of the cam shaft and the various hollow bearing shaft in a manner which will be obvious fromthe previous description. The supply of oil carried by the hollow cam shaft and the various hollow bearings'shafts will be suitlubricate the bearing ably. supplied to the bearing surfaces through t e'fradiatingopenings formed in these sh s, in u h a man er as to pr pe y surfaces.

6 st uctu e 1.h'istrate By theTuse (3f it i herewith, the necessity forfeinploying a pluralit of grease cups 0r e her separate lubri tati-ng-means for each shaft .or"e"ach bearing is dispensed with, and the" cost of construction as well as the care necessary to be exercised in keeping the parts supplied with v lubrication is considerably lessened. By providing the ci cularpassages 6i and 65, a free passage ismaintained at all times for feeding lubricant to the interiorof the hollows'hafts and 3 1 which shafts are notrotatable under ordinary conditions of use, while the radial openings .66 formed i'n'the rotatable cam shaft are sui'liclently in number to provide. adequate means for feeding oil into the interior ,of' the shaft from the conduit 60 throughitheopjeningm formed therein. While I have shown and described in considerable detail a specific embodiment of my invention, it is'to be understood that this showing and description is-iI-IustratiVe only, and for the purpose of rendering my invention more clear, and that I do not'regard the invention as limited to the det'ailsbf,

' construction illustrated oridescribed, .nor

any of them,-eXcept--in so faras I- have included such limitations within the terms .of the following claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in my invention broadly as well as specifically. What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a lubricating s stem for internal combustion engines, a ho low cam shaft, hol-,

the valve operating mechanism of, an internal combustion engine of the V-ty e, a 5L engine at one end thereof. and having parts communicating with the interior of the hollow shafts, and an oil su ply pipe communicating with the conduit to supply lubricant thereto.

3. In a lubricatin system, a hollow cam shaft, a plurality o hollow bearing shafts positioned u on opposite sides of the ca shaft, a conduit extending transversely o the several shafts and positioned above the horizontal plane of some of the shafts, and below the horizontal plane of others of the shafts, and communicatin with the interior of each of the 'hollowsha s, and an oil sup: ply pipecommunicating with the conduit.

4. In alubricating system for engines, a plurality of substantially parallel hollow shafts, a QQndult extending across one end of the engine and having ports located ad- Jac'ent the ends of the parallel shafts ports formed in the ends of the hollow shafts and adapted to register with the ports in the conduit for admitting lubricant tothe hol- 10W shafts, said conduit being positioned above the horizontal plane of some of the shafts and below .the horizontal. plane of theother shafts and an oil supply pipe communicating with the conduit.

' 5. In a lubricating system for engines, a plurality of substantially parallel hollow shafts, a conduit extending across one end of the engine and having A o-rts located adjacent to the ends of sai parallel shafts, certain of said ports being directed upwardly and the otherports being directed downwardly, ports formed in the ends of the hollow shafts and adapted to register with the ports in the conduit for admitting lubricant to the hollow shafts, and an oil slupply pipe communicating with the conllll'l. 1

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signa-v ture.

GARNET c. snows, 

